Crate clap

Source
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Command Line Argument Parser for Rust

Quick Links:

  • Derive [tutorial][_derive::_tutorial] and [reference][_derive]
  • Builder [tutorial][_tutorial] and reference
  • [Cookbook][_cookbook]
  • [FAQ][_faq]
  • Discussions
  • CHANGELOG (includes major version migration guides)

§Aspirations

  • Out of the box, users get a polished CLI experience
    • Including common argument behavior, help generation, suggested fixes for users, colored output, shell completions, etc
  • Flexible enough to port your existing CLI interface
    • However, we won’t necessarily streamline support for each use case
  • Reasonable parse performance
  • Resilient maintainership, including
    • Willing to break compatibility rather than batching up breaking changes in large releases
    • Leverage feature flags to keep to one active branch
    • Being under WG-CLI to increase the bus factor
  • We follow semver and will wait about 6-9 months between major breaking changes
  • We will support the last two minor Rust releases (MSRV, currently 1.74)

While these aspirations can be at odds with fast build times and low binary size, we will still strive to keep these reasonable for the flexibility you get. Check out the argparse-benchmarks for CLI parsers optimized for other use cases.

§Example

Run

$ cargo add clap --features derive

(See also [feature flag reference][_features])

Then define your CLI in main.rs:

use clap::Parser;

/// Simple program to greet a person
#[derive(Parser, Debug)]
#[command(version, about, long_about = None)]
struct Args {
    /// Name of the person to greet
    #[arg(short, long)]
    name: String,

    /// Number of times to greet
    #[arg(short, long, default_value_t = 1)]
    count: u8,
}

fn main() {
    let args = Args::parse();

    for _ in 0..args.count {
        println!("Hello {}!", args.name);
    }
}

And try it out:

$ demo --help
A simple to use, efficient, and full-featured Command Line Argument Parser

Usage: demo[EXE] [OPTIONS] --name <NAME>

Options:
  -n, --name <NAME>    Name of the person to greet
  -c, --count <COUNT>  Number of times to greet [default: 1]
  -h, --help           Print help
  -V, --version        Print version

$ demo --name Me
Hello Me!

(version number and .exe extension on windows replaced by placeholders)

See also the derive [tutorial][_derive::_tutorial] and [reference][_derive]

Augment clap:

  • wild for supporting wildcards (*) on Windows like you do Linux
  • argfile for loading additional arguments from a file (aka response files)
  • shadow-rs for generating Command::long_version
  • clap_mangen for generating man page source (roff)
  • clap_complete for shell completion support

CLI Helpers

Testing

Documentation:

Modules§

builder
Define Command line arguments
error
Error reporting
parser
Command line argument parser

Macros§

arg
Create an Arg from a usage string.
command
Requires cargo feature flag to be enabled.
value_parser
Select a ValueParser implementation from the intended type

Structs§

Arg
The abstract representation of a command line argument. Used to set all the options and relationships that define a valid argument for the program.
ArgGroup
Family of related arguments.
ArgMatches
Container for parse results.
Command
Build a command-line interface.
Id
Arg or ArgGroup identifier

Enums§

ArgAction
Behavior of arguments when they are encountered while parsing
ColorChoice
Represents the color preferences for program output
ValueHint
Provide shell with hint on how to complete an argument.

Traits§

Args
Parse a set of arguments into a user-defined container.
CommandFactory
Create a Command relevant for a user-defined container.
FromArgMatches
Converts an instance of ArgMatches to a user-defined container.
Parser
Parse command-line arguments into Self.
Subcommand
Parse a sub-command into a user-defined enum.
ValueEnum
Parse arguments into enums.

Type Aliases§

Error
Command Line Argument Parser Error